Nineteen Eighty-Four (also titled 1984), by George Orwell (the pen name of Eric Arthur Blair), is an English novel about life in an authoritarian regime as lived by Winston Smith, an intellectual worker at the Ministry of Truth, and his degradation when he runs afoul of the totalitarian government of Oceania, the state in which he lives in the year that he presumes is 1984.
Nineteen Eighty-Four was published in 1949 and has been translated to sixty-two languages. The novel's title, its terms and its language (Newspeak), and its author's surname are bywords for personal privacy lost to national state security. The adjective "Orwellian" denotes totalitarian action and organisation; the phrase: Big Brother is Watching You connotes pervasive, invasive surveillance. The following quotation from the novel has become famous:
War is Peace
Freedom is Slavery
Ignorance is Strength
Although the novel has been banned or challenged in some countries, it, along with Brave New World, by Aldous Huxley, and Fahrenheit 451, by Ray Bradbury, is among literature's most famous dystopias. In 2005, Time magazine listed it among the hundred best English-language novels published since 1923. The novel WE by Yevgeny Zamyatin is considered by some to have been an influence on 1984 and is also a dystopia.
(From Wikipedia, description text under GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL))
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